2018届高考英语大一轮复习Unit5Firstaid课时规范训练新人教版.docx

Unit 5 First aid.阅读理解A(2017东北三省四市一模)The following simple exercise routine works as well as prescription medication (药物治疗) without the side effects.A jog a day could keep your headaches at bay: Regular cardio workouts (有氧锻炼) may prevent migraines (偏头痛)，a growing body of research suggests.Migraine patients had fewer headaches after doing 40minute cycling workouts three times a week for three months, according to a Swedish study.The exercise routine worked just as well as one of the top migrainepreventing drugstopamirate but without the side effects of depression and tremors (刺激)Cardio workouts can help with regular headaches, too, says Alexander Mauskop, M. D. , director of the New York Headache Center in Manhattan.There are a couple of theories on how it works.Breaking a sweat may relieve stress, says Dr. Mauskop. Headaches are often triggered by stress, and if you remove the trigger, you release the pain. The feelgood chemicals produced when you exercise actually block your pain sensors, acting as a natural painkiller.Since headaches can be caused by many different factors like genetics (遗传)，lack of sleep, or certain foods, cardio wont be the solution for everyone, Dr. Mauskop says. But one German study found that it helped 65 percent of patients, which makes it as effective as the best medicines on the market.Dr. Mauskop recommends his patients do a halfhour reasonable intensity (强度) cardio, like jogging, biking, or swimming three times a week. These workouts are meant to be slow and steady, as opposed to highintensity intervals that alternate between allout runs and rest.Pushing yourself too much or increasing the intensity too quickly can trigger headaches in some people, so make sure your heart rate doesnt jump above 150 BPM. If you dont have a heart rate monitor, then breathe only through your nose. Youll know youre going too hard if you cant keep up that breathing pattern.Your migraines could start disappearing in a couple of weeks，Dr. Mauskop says.1According to the passage, the author may agree that _.Ajogging, swimming and fishing are cardio workoutsBneither cardio workouts nor topamirate has side effectsCmigraine patients may be cured by regular cardio workoutsDcardio workouts will be the solution for everyone with migraines2The underlined word “triggered” in Paragraph 7 can be replaced by _.AcuredBreleasedCcaused Dmonitored3The feelgood chemicals produced can help with regular headaches because _.Ait eases the stressBit breaks a sweatCit prevents migrainesDit blocks your pain sensors4What would be the best title?AA Cure for HeadachesBSide Effects of MigraineCThe Causes of HeadachesDAdvantages of Cardio Workouts【语篇导读】科学家研究发现有氧运动可以有效治疗偏头痛。1解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，规律的有氧运动或许可以治愈偏头痛，故C项正确。根据文章第十段可知A项表述不正确；根据文章第四段可知，topamirate有副作用，故B项不正确；根据文章第九段中cardio wont be the solution for everyone可知，D项不正确。2解析：选C。词义猜测题。画线词所在的第七段讲的是流汗会缓解压力，头痛通常由压力引起，如果消除压力，疼痛就会缓解。由此可知trigger意为“引发，激发(尤指一系列事件)”，与cause意义相近。3解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第八段The feelgood chemicals produced when you exercise actually block your pain sensors，acting as a natural painkiller.可知，人类运动的时候，产生令人感觉好的化学物质，能够阻挡疼痛传感器，像一种天然的止痛药一样起作用。4解析：选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了有氧运动或许可能治愈偏头痛，因此A项作为文章标题最适合。B项在文章中没有被提及；C、D两项在文章中略有提及，但并非主题。BDo you suffer from cybersickness?The rise of mobile phones has been blamed for a number of social ills, but your smart phone may also be making you physically sick as well. Scientists have identified a condition called “cybersickness”， which they say is the digital version of motion sickness.The phenomenon, which affects up to 80 percent of the population who own smart phones or tablets, leads to feelings of sickness and unsteadiness. It is caused by seeing fast motion on a screen, which covers anything from a car chase in a film to scrolling through web pages on your phone.The more realistic the visual content appears to you, the higher your chances of getting cybersickness are. The condition was identified in a piece in the New York Times in which British and US. experts said that it needed solving. Motion sickness leaves sufferers feeling ill because they feel movement in your muscles and your inner ear but do not see it. The mismatch in digital sickness is the oppositeyou see movement on the screen but do not feel it.The effect is the same and the symptoms include a headache, wanting to throw up, confusion and the need to sit down. Often cybersickness shows itself in a subtle way and sufferers put it down to stress or eyestrain.Steven Rauch, a professor of otolaryngology (耳鼻喉科学) at Harvard Medical School, said：“Your sense of balance is different from other senses in that it has lots of inputs. When those inputs dont agree, thats when you feel dizziness and sickness.”Some studies that have been carried out into cybersickness found that women are more susceptible than men, the New York Times reported. Those who have “Type A” personalitiesmeaning they are confident and determinedare more likely to suffer from cybersickness as well. Among those who have reported experiencing the condition have been video gamers who spend hours playing fast paced games. Engineers at Oculus VR, the virtual headset manufacturer, have admitted that digital motion sickness is one of their biggest problems.5From the text, we know that cybersickness _.Ais completely equal to motion sicknessBaffects up to 80% of the populationCleads to peoples feelings of sickness and unsteadinessDis caused by seeing fast moving objects around6Whats the difference between motion sickness and digital sickness?ADigital sickness means sufferers see movement but do not feel it.BDigital sickness means sufferers feel movement but do not see it.CMotion sickness means sufferers see movement but do not feel it.DMotion sickness means sufferers dont see or feel movement.7What does the underlined word “susceptible” in the last paragraph mean?Alikely to accept Blikely to be affectedClikely to suspect Dlikely to be cured8This passage is most probably _.Aa science fiction Ba newspaper adCa book review Da science news report【语篇导读】随着手机越来越普及，许多社会弊病也愈发常见。但是，智能手机或许也会引起身体不适。科学家们认为，“晕屏幕病”是电子版的晕动病。5解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句The phenomenon .leads to feelings of sickness and unsteadiness.可知C项正确；从第二段The mismatch in digital sickness is the opposite .可知A项错误：从which affects up to 80 percent of the population who own smart phones or tablets 可知B项错误；从It is caused by seeing fast motion on a screen .可知D项错误。6解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Motion sickness leaves sufferers feeling ill because they feel movement in your muscles and yonr inner ear but do not see it.The mismatch in digital sickness is the oppositeyou see movement on the screen but do not feel it.可得出答案。7解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句.are more likely to suffer from cybersickness as well.可猜测，susceptible的意思接近于be likely to suffer from，意为“很容易感染的”。故选B项。8解析：选D。推理判断题。文章介绍一种由智能手机等电子设备的使用所造成的一种病“晕屏症”，是一篇科技方面的报道，因此，应是一篇科技新闻。故选D项。C(2017陕西西安质量检测)Ive always had strong opinions of how love should be expressed. What I remember most about visiting my boyfriends parents is the loud tick of the clock as we silently ate our meal. I was quick to regard his family as cold. However, once, when we were about to drive home, my boyfriends father appeared and began to wash the windshield (挡风玻璃). I could sense that his dad was a caring man.I learned another lesson about love later. My father often telephoned me early in the morning.“Buy Xerox. Its a good share price，” he would say when I answered the phone. My dad offered no pleasant greeting or inquiry (询问) about my life. This angered me and we often quarreled. But one day, I thought about my fathers success and realized his concern for my financial security showed how much he loved me. The next time he called and told me to buy a stock (股票), I thanked him.The way I treat my friends is sometimes different from how they treat me. For example, I always return phone calls without delay and regularly check in with old friends.I had one friend who rarely called, responding to my messages with short emails.“She isnt a good friend！” I thought. My anger grew as the holidays approached. Then she came to a gathering I hosted and handed me a beautiful dress I had fallen in love with when we last went windowshopping. I was shocked at her kindness, and felt bad for thinking her uncaring. Clearly I needed to change my expectations.Far too often, I ignore unique expressions, eagerly expecting people to do things my way. This has left me feeling unloved. Over the years, however, I have learned to read others love signs better and get along well with them.9The writer finally realized that her father _.Awasnt a pleasant personBwas caring about herCwas successful in financeDwas dissatisfied with her10How many examples has the writer given to show the lessons she has learned on love?AThree. BTwo.COne. DFour.11From the passage we can infer that the writer often treats her loved ones _.Aindirectly but warmly Bdirectly and coldlyCwarmly and friendly Dcoldly but regularly12The writer writes this passage to show that _.Apeople should treat others in a caring wayBher good friend dislikes her way to care about othersCshe expects others to care about her in her wayDdifferent people have different ways to show their love【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历告诉人们：不同的人对爱的表达方式不同。9解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“But one day .how much he loved me.”可知，作者最终意识到父亲是在意她、爱她的。故选B。10解析：选A。细节理解题。作者在文章前三段中以自己经历的三件事为例来讲述表达爱的不同方式。故选A。11解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“For example，I always return phone calls without delay and regularly check in with old friends.”可知，作者看到朋友的电话会马上回复，经常和老朋友联系，所以她应该是一个热情、友好的人。故选C。12解析：选D。写作意图题。本文通过讲述作者经历的三件事来告诉人们：每个人都有自己表达爱的方式。故选D。D(2017河北邢台摸底)Sunstroke is a condition that can quickly go from dangerous to deadly, especially if proper care isnt given immediately.Sunstroke，sometimes called heatstroke，is a result of the body temperature rising above the safe limit.This causes the bodys necessary functions to stop working.Its usually pretty easy to avoid sunstroke, as long as proper action is taken. In that case, you need to act as quickly as possible to return that persons body to a safe temperature. Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.Call for helpCall to get an ambulance as quickly as possible. This should be the first thing you do, especially if the sunstroke person has fainted (昏倒). Also, call for help from anyone nearby if youre in a public place. If theres no one around，call someone nearby if they can get there sooner than an ambulance. Ask everyone to bring you as much water as possible, if there isnt much nearby.Get the person to a cooler areaIf theres a building nearby, aim for that. Anywhere with plenty of air conditioners and water is perfect. If a building isnt available, bring the person to a wellshaded area.Get the water flowingIf the person is still conscious，get him or her to drink water.If theres a bathtub available，fill it with cool water and put the person in it.If your water supply is limited，you have to save it.Dampen a towel or shirt and put it on the persons body.Focus on the face，neck，and chest.Fan the personGetting moving air over the person cools him or her down. Use anything, a towel or sheet, a shirt, your hands, or a piece of board. This is where having many people around really helps, as they can combine to fan the entire body.13When does a person get sunstroke?AWhen the body doesnt function.BWhen proper care is given immediately.CWhen someone is exposed to the sun too long.DWhen the body temperature goes up beyond what one can bear.14What is mainly discussed in the passage?AThe first aid for sunstroke.BThe causes of sunstroke.CThe chief symptoms of sunstroke.DThe essential prevention of sunstroke.15Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?ACall for assistance from others.BLeave the sunstroke person in the shade.CPut a wet towel on the persons face.DHelp the person take some medicine.16The text probably comes from _.Aa guidebook Ba book reviewCa medical magazine Dan official document【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中暑的危害以及中暑后的一些急救措施。13解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，当人体的体温超过所能承受的安全极限时，就会中暑，即D项正确。14解析：选A。主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了何为中暑以及中暑的危害，结合第三段的最后一句“Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.”可知，下文讲述的是中暑时需要采取的急救措施，即A项正确。15解析：选D。细节理解题。根据call for help下的“call for help from anyone”可知A项正确；根据Get the person to a cooler area中的第三句可知B项正确；根据Get the water flowing中的第二段的第二、三句可知C项正确；D项在文章中没有提到。16解析：选C。文章出处题。文章主要介绍了中暑以及中暑后如何急救的相关知识，故有可能选自一本医学杂志，即C项正确。.七选五(2017河北衡水中学调研)It is impossible to know when you might find yourself lost in a forest. If you know what to do, you can survive in a forest without much trouble; but if you are not prepared, survival can be much less likely.Keep fear at bayIt is completely natural to be afraid when you are faced with a survival situation._1_The more your fear overcomes you，the lower your chances of survival are, as your mind is going to become clouded and panic may set in.Stay warmObviously, the low body temperature is one of the primary dangers you face when you must survive in the forest._2_ Never stop to sleep or quit moving around unless you have an appropriate shelter.Know how to make a fireObviously, if you have a lighter or matches, this is not a problem. But if not, you can attempt to use a dry narrow pointed stick and a dry flat piece of wood._3_This requires a great deal of work, but if done correctly, you will succeed.Make some shelter4_The easiest way to provide protection is to find a fallen tree and cover it with other branches and brush so that you can stay in the natural p