2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists高考拆组训练新人教版必修5.docx

Unit 1 Great scientists阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：30分钟).阅读理解AOnce a man needed a new pair of shoes. This man was very good at math. He knew that in order to get shoes that fit very well, it would be necessary to measure his foot size correctly.So, before he went to the market, he carefully measured his feet and drew a very detailed picture of his feet on a piece of paper. Then before leaving the house, like a good mathematician, he rechecked his picture.It was a very long way from the mans home to the market. It was past midday when the man arrived at the market. When the man reached the shoe stall, he realized that he had forgotten to bring his paper. He turned around and walked all the way back home to get it.It was nearly sunset when the man returned to the market. There he found the market was closing. The shoemaker had packed up all of his shoes. “Foolish man，” the shoemaker said to the man when he was asked to unpack his goods to make a sale. “Why did you not just try on the shoes？”The man hung his head shamefully, saying, “I guessed there was only one way to solve my problem. I should have checked with others for another solution that might have worked as well or better than my own.”The above short story works well with school students and also teachers. Dont try to solve a problem with a single point of view; there may be many other ways of solving the same problem.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过一则短篇故事告诉我们：一个问题往往不只有一种解决办法。1Before the man went to the market, he _.Aasked others for some adviceBknew well about his foot sizeCmeasured his old shoes carefullyDdrew a pair of shoes on a piece of paper解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So, before he went to the market, he carefully measured his feet and drew a very detailed picture of his feet on a piece of paper.”可知，在去集市之前，那位男子仔细地测量了自己的脚的尺寸。2The shoemaker considered the man to be _.AstupidBstrangeCcleverDinteresting解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段中鞋匠说的“Foolish man”可知，鞋匠认为那位男子很愚蠢。3What does the author want to show by telling the story?AWe should learn math very well.BIts necessary to ask for help at times.CWe should think carefully before we act.DThere is more than one way to solve a problem.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Dont try to solve a problem with a single point of view; there may be many other ways of solving the same problem.”可知，作者讲述这个故事是想告诉我们：一个问题往往不只有一种解决办法。B(2019丽水模拟)Eight years before his death in 1896, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary (讣告) in the local newspaper.This was a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead.The newspaper had confused Alfred with his brother, Ludvig, who had recently died.Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away, and he was even more annoyed by the title of his obituary：The merchant of death is dead.Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments manufacturer (武器制造商)This incident got him thinking about his reputation.What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing”？ It was this thought that led him to leave his money a huge amount of it for the founding of the famous Nobel prizes.His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongoing quest (追求) for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace.Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901.The awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.However, the prizes are controversial sometimes.There is often protest (抗议) at the award of the Peace Prize when not everyone thinks that the awardwinners deserve the award.Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers. The highly influential novelists James Joyce and Marcel Proust, for example, were never honored by the Swedish Academy.Still, for the most part the awards dont cause many complaints.Alfred Nobel founded the prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind” and few would disagree that most of the prizewinners among them, Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King Jr. have made contributions that deserve to be honored and remembered.4How did Alfred Nobel feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper?ASad and worried.BShocked and upset.CSurprised and confused.DAmused and puzzled.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，当Alfred Nobel看到报纸上的这则讣告的时候，非常吃惊。根据第二段第一句可知，他不只是吃惊，而且还很生气，故选B。5What did Alfred Nobel decide to do after reading the obituary?ASeek excellence in the sciences.BDonate all his money to the charity.CStop producing any killing weapons.DSet up the Nobel prizes with his money.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“It was this thought that led him to leave his money a huge amount of it for the founding of the famous Nobel prizes.”可知，阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔看到这则讣告之后，想了很多，最终决定把他大笔的钱用于设立著名的诺贝尔奖，故选D。6Why does the author mention James Joyce and Marcel Proust?ATo show the controversy of some Nobel prizes.BTo give examples of influential Nobel prizewinners.CTo explain the standard of giving out the Nobel prizes.DTo prove the influence of the Nobel prizes on literature.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers.”(即便是诺贝尔文学奖有时候也会受到批评，因为奖项委员会经常会忽视重要的作家。)可知，作者以这两个人为例，是为了说明有时诺贝尔奖是存在争议的。7What does the author think of the Nobel prizes?AThere should be more female winners.BThere are too many controversial winners.CThey have honored many worthy winners.DThe committee should be more selective.解析：选C观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“few would disagree that most of the prizewinners .deserve to be honored and remembered”可知，作者认为诺贝尔奖奖励了很多值得赞赏的人，故选C。 CBrian Greene, a professor of physics and mathematics at Columbia University, has created an online science education platform. He tries to “build a bridge” with things you know about, and then “bring you across that bridge to the strange place of modern physics.”Recently I had a chance to ask Greene about wormholes (a hole which some scientists think might exist, connecting parts of space and time that are not usually connected), time travel and other mysteries of the universe. I asked him a milliondollar question: What if I went through a wormhole and prevented my parents from meeting? “Most of us believe that the universe makes sense，” Greene said. “Although there are several interesting theories about time travel，” he added, “the laws of physics would probably prevent something so illogical from taking place. The good news is that the time paradox (悖论) is open for future physicists to solve.”When asked how physics could become more exciting for kids, Greene said that books by Stephen Weinberg, Leonard Susskind, and other physicists, “make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but arent yet ready, perhaps, to learn math.”When I pointed out that some students still might find physics boring, Greene said that the key is to teach them about things that are strange. “The basic stuff is important，” Greene said. “But I think its really important to also describe the more modern ideas, things like black holes and the Big Bang. If kids have those ideas in mind, then at least some of them will be excited to learn all the details.”Greene has followed Albert Einsteins lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe. Now he wants kids to do the same. As Greene said, physics is “not just a matter of solving problems in an exam.” Its about experimenting, showing an interest in strange phenomena (现象) and having fun!语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。物理学家Brian Greene希望更多的孩子将会对现代物理学感兴趣。8A milliondollar question in Paragraph 2 is probably very _.AdirectBdifficultCpersonalDlong解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第二段Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学家去解决可知，作者提出的这个问题非常难。9The books by Weinberg and Susskind _.Aare boring to readBare mainly about mathCare popular science booksDare only popular among kids解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段的“.books by .make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but arent yet ready, perhaps, to learn math”可知，Greene认为Weinberg和Susskind等物理学家写的书浅显易懂，适合普通大众阅读，故这些书属于流行的科普读物。10In the last paragraph, Greene hopes that _.Akids can love science and physicsBkids can do well in physics examsCkids can have fun with experimentsDkids can find more strange things in life解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Greene has followed Albert Einsteins lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe. Now he wants kids to do the same.”可知，Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科学和物理感兴趣，去探索宇宙的奥秘。.阅读七选五Teenagers are especially likely to suffer loneliness.Here are some suggestions for speeding a recovery from loneliness.Reach out to others, but start small.A smile and a friendly greeting for the student behind you in line at the cafeteria wont make you best friends._1_ It also can make it easier to interact the next time.Find a safe place to make connections.If going to the school dance makes you feel like you just dont belong, try joining a specialinterest group.Maybe its the drama club or the marching band._2_Find other ways of making connections.Lonely people hunger for acceptance and friendship.Sometimes feeling accepted and liked comes more easily when you do something for others._3_ Teach a child reading.Take notes for a disabled classmate.You might be surprised at the connections you make after reaching out to others in these ways._4_ Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships, not of a particular quantity of friends.Thats why its important to know how to select a friend.The best friendships are those based on similar values and attitudes.You get what you expect, so expect the best.If you expect others to be friendly, you will behave in similar ways._5_ It goes away as teens learn how to find the