浙江省杭州市2019年中考英语一轮复习课时训练03Units1_4（七下）课件.docx

课时训练(三)Units1-4(七下)(限时:30分钟).2018连云港阅读理解Batsaretheonlymammalsthatcanflyagreatdistance,buttheyhaveanotherability.Manybatsliveaverylongtimeforananimaltheirsize.Europeanresearchersarestudyingbatstounderstandwhytheylivesolong.Theyhopetomakediscoveriestofighttheagingprocess(过程)inhumanbeings.Lastweek,thegroupofscientistssaidtheyhadfoundimportantbiologicalqualitiesinsomebatspecies.Thegroupstudiedbatchromosomes(染色体),alineofgenesfoundinthenucleus(核)ofcells.Thescientistsweremostinterestedinpartsconnectedtotheendsofthechromosomes.Theyarecalledtelomeres(端粒).Telomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomes,whichshorteneachtimeacelldivides.Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown.AreportonbatswaspublishedthismonthinthejournalScienceAdvances.AmongtheleadersofthestudywasEmmaTeeling,abiologistwithUniversityCollegeDublininIreland.Teelingsaidstudyinglong-livingmammalsthathavedevelopedwaystofightaging “isanotherwaytoprovethemolecular(分子)basisofextended healthlength.” Sheaddedthatstudyingbatsmadescientistsabletolearnmoreabouttheprocesses “thatdrivehealthyaging.”TheEuropeanresearchersstudied493batsfromfourbatspecies.Thegroupusedinformationthathadbeengatheredovermorethan60years.Oftheseanimals,thegreatermouse-earedbatgenerallylivedthelongest,anaverageof37years.Thescientistssaidthisandarelatedspecies,whicharegroupedtogetherunderthenameMyotis,hadtelomeresthatdidnotshortenwithage.AnotherMyotisbatholdstherecordforoldestage,reaching41years.Thescientistsfindingssuggestthatthesebatscellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.This,theysaid,helpsguardagainsttheagingprocess.Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.But,thesemammalshavebeenfoundtolivenearly10timeslongerthanthat.ThescientistsfoundthatEighteenofthesearebats.TheonlyexceptionisanunusualAfricanrodent,thenakedmolerat.1.WhichsentencecanbeputattheendofParagraph3?A.Thismakesscientistsabletostudybats.B.Thatswhybatscanflyagreatdistance.C.Theysaythisiswhatcausesaging.D.Theydiscoverthecellsconnectedtohumans.2.Whydosomespeciesofbatsliveaverylongtime?A.Becausetheyhavealineoflong-livinggenesoutofthecells.B.Becausetheircellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.C.Becausetheyhaveanotherabilitytolivelongerwithoutanyfoodorwater.D.Becausetelomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomestostopcellsdividing.3.Theunderlinedword “that” refersto.A.fouryearsB.bodysizeC.theagingprocessD.theabilitytorepair4.Whatsthebesttitleofthepassage?A.DifferencesBetweenLong-livingAnimalsB.AScienceReportonChromosomesC.DoBatsHoldtheSecrettoLongLife?D.AreHumansandBatsSimilarinProtectingThemselves?.2017绍兴完形填空AsanewteacheratDoullPrimarySchoolinDenver,KyleSchwartzthoughtofasimplewaytogettoknowherthirdgraders,mostofwhomcamefrom5families.Sheaskedthemtocompletethe6 “Iwishmyteacherknew” andsharesomethingaboutthemselves.Their7answersgavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudentsdifficulties. “IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework,” 8onechild. “Iwishmyteacherknewsometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned(签名),becausemymomisnot9alot,” wroteanother.Somesharedhopeforthe10, “IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.”“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking,” SchwartztellsABCNews. “Icare11abouteachofmystudentsandIdontwantthemtobepoorforever,” sheexplains. “Ihopedtoknow12Icouldbettersupportthem.SoI13toletthemtellmewhatIneededtoknow.ThatwaswhyIcreatedthefill-in-the-blankexercise.”14thethirdgraderswereallowedtoansweranonymously(匿名地),mostwantedtoincludenames.Andsomewereevenexcitedtoreadtheirnotesoutloud,15oneshygirlwhobravelysaidthatshewaslonely. “Aftershetoldtheclass, Idonthavefriendsto16me, Iwasworriedwhattheywoulddo,” SchwartztellsUsWeekly. “However,Ifeltencouragedtoseehowmuchsupporttheotherkidsoffered17.Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.Yousee,18haveanunusualabilitytoexpressempathy(同情).”“Theresultshavebeen19,” saysSchwartz. “Itspeakstotheimportanceofgivingpeopleavoiceandreallylisteningtothem.”5.A.traditionalB.friendlyC.poorD.small6.A.postcardB.noteC.letterD.diary7.A.honestB.politeC.usualD.right8.A.suggestedB.copiedC.repeatedD.wrote9.A.freeB.carelessC.famousD.angry10.A.societyB.courseC.researchD.future11.A.secretlyB.deeplyC.nervouslyD.directly12.A.whereB.whyC.howD.when13.A.decidedB.refusedC.forgotD.learned14.A.UnlessB.ThoughC.BecauseD.Once15.A.likeB.fromC.againstD.except16.A.lookforB.talkaboutC.dependonD.playwith17.A.himB.youC.herD.me18.A.childrenB.teachersC.parentsD.reporters19.A.boringB.surprisingC.worryingD.relaxing.2018盐城改编语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Over2,000yearsago,inChina,therelivedaboycalledConfucius.Whenhewasonlythree,hisfather20.(die).Hismotherwasverypoor.Inthosedayspeoplehadtopaytogotoschoolandhismotherdidnothaveenoughmoney21.(send)him.AsConfuciusgrewuphewantedtolearnthings.Sohedecidedtoteach22.(him).Unfortunately,hewasastrange-lookingboy.Theotherchildrenpointedandmadefunofhim.Theycalledhimnamesandlaughed23.him.Confuciusgotveryupset,buthewasakind,gentleboyanddidnotfightback.Confuciusdidnotplaywithotherchildren.Hewentofftotalktoholymen(圣人)inthetempleandlearnedfromthem.Hetalkedtoartistsand24.(musician)andlearnedfromthem.Ifhetriedtodosomethingdifficult,hekepttryingoverandoveragain25.helearnedhowtodoit.Inthiswaytheboytaughthimselftoreadandwriteandlearnedlotsofinterestingthings.Confuciusgrewuptobeaverycleverman.Whenhewasaman,Confuciusbecametherulerof26.cityofChangtu.Peoplewereveryhappy.Whenhewastheir27.(lead).Heusedhisabilitiesandskills28.awiseway.Peoplesometimescallhimthe29.(great)manwhoeverlived.Westillremembermanyofhissayingstoday.单词拼写根据下列句子及所给的首字母,写出各单词的正确、完全形式。(每空限填一词)30.Disneylandisenjoyedbymillionsofparoundtheworld.31.Therearenearlyfourhstudentsinourschool.32.IfyouwanttobecomeagoodMarathonathlete,youmustprunningeveryday.33.Thebesttimetobrushyourteethisthreemaftermeals.34.Ilovetakingnaps.Beingabletorinthemiddleofthedayisgreat! 35.MissYangisourEnglishteacher.SheteachesuEnglishverywell.36.Dontforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyoultheclassroom.37.Healwaysasksustoftherules.Hesaystheyareimportantforeveryone.38.Tom,dontfwithyourclassmates.Youshouldbefriendlytothem.39.NowyouknowMr.Yangisfriendlytous,butheisalsoswithus.书面表达假如你是Linda, 请你对你的笔友Alice发来的e-mail进行回复,词数80左右。To:LindaFrom:AliceDearLinda,ImafraidIvegotabigproblemrecently.Mymothertalkstoomuchtome.Shealwaystellsme, “Becarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.”“Putonmoreclothes.”“Didyoudoagoodjobatschool?” andsoon.Imannoyed(烦恼的).WhatshallIdo?Yours,AliceTo:AliceFrom:LindaDearAlice,Yours,Linda参考答案.主旨大意 本文是一篇科普说明文。文章讲述了欧洲科学家研究了作为哺乳动物的蝙蝠寿命长的原因。同时列举了几种不同蝙蝠寿命长的原因。1.C推理判断题。根据短文内容“Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown.”可知,这个缩短的流程会引起细胞破损,会对寿命造成影响。故选C。2.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thescientistsfindingssuggestthatthesebatscellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.”可知,这些蝙蝠长寿的原因是因为它们的细胞能保持和修复它们的端粒。故选B。3.A代词指代题。根据倒数第二段中“Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.”可知,此处that指fouryears。故选A。4.C标题归纳题。本文主要讲述的是科学家研究蝙蝠长寿的原因,C项符合文章主题。故选C。.主旨大意 本文是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述了一位名叫KyleSchwartz的老师采取措施教育学生的故事。KyleSchwartz为了更好地掌握学生的情况,让学生写出自己想让老师知道的事情,结果导致班风出奇的好,这让她非常惊喜。由此告诉我们:认真聆听别人的心声,才能更好地了解他人。5.C考查形容词辨析。根据第三段中的“Idontwantthemtobepoorforever”可知,KyleSchwartz所教的班级里的大部分学生都来自贫困家庭。故选C。6.B考查名词辨析。根据第三段第一句中的“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking”可知,KyleSchwartz让每名学生写一张便条。故选B。7.A考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“gavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudentsdifficulties.”可知,学生们都实事求是地写出了他们各自的心声,即他们的回答很诚实。honest意为“诚实的”,符合语境。故选A。8.D考查动词辨析。根据下句中的“wroteanother”可推知,“IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework”是其中一个孩子在便条上写的内容。故选D。9.A考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“sometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned”可推知,有时候妈妈之所以没有在阅读作业上面签名,是因为她没有空。故选A。10.D考查名词辨析。根据下句“IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.”可知,上大学是将来的事情,所以此处是在谈论“对未来的希望”。故选D。11.B考查副词词义辨析。根据本句中的“Idontwantthemtobepoorforever”及下句“IhopedtoknowIcouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz不想让孩子们永远贫穷,所以她深深地关心着每一个孩子。故选B。12.C考查特殊疑问词辨析。句意:我想知道自己怎样才能更好地支持他们。how意为“如何”。故选C。13.A考查动词辨析。根据上句“Ihopedtoknow Icouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz正在寻找帮助并支持孩子们日后发展的方法,所以她决定让孩子们对她说出他们的种种困难。decidetodosth.意为“决定做某事”。故选A。14.B考查连词辨析。“wereallowedtoansweranonymously”与“mostwantedtoincludenames”之间构成了逻辑上的转折关系,所以本句应是让步状语从句。though意为“虽然;尽管”,引导让步状语从句。故选B。15.A考查介词辨析。分析句子结构可知,“oneshygirlwhobravelysaidthatshewaslonely”在此是具体的例子,指这位腼腆的女孩是众多情绪激动的孩子中的一员。like意为“像”,符合语境。故选A。16.D考查动词短语辨析。根据上句中的“shewaslonely”及下文中的“Theyinvitedhertoplay”可推