语法专项--形容词的比较等级8A-U3U4.doc

八年级英语语法期末复习-2013-2014上学期语法专项形容词的比较等级（U3 U4）英语中，为了表现不同程度的性质，大多数形容词都有三个等级，即：原级、比较级和最高级。具体来说：1.规则变化：大多数形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er/est；以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词直接在词尾加-r/st； 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，变y为i，再 加-er/est；以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的形容词，双写辅音字母，再加-er/est；多音节和部分双音节形容词在其前面加more/most。2.不规则变化：原级 比较级 最高级good better bestbad worse worstlittle less leastmuch/many more mostfar farther/further farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/eldest 3.比较等级中的典型句型（1） 两者程度相同的比较as+ adj.原级+as 和一样他和Mike一样高。He is _ _ _ Mike.not asas或者not so as 不及他没有Mike高。He is _ _ _ _ Mike.若第一个as后的adj.作定语修饰n.，应将该n.及有关修饰语都放在第一个as之后。如：My sister doesnt make as much money as my brother does.（2） 高于或低于另一方的比较最基础的用法是A+ 比较级+than +B。如：她比我大。She is _ _ me .如果要表达更具体的比较，如：她比我大3岁，可以在形容词比较级前面加上具体的数。She is 3 years older than me另外还有表示大几倍的，同样是在形容词的比较级前加上具体的倍数。例如：他的房间比我的大两倍。His room is bigger than mine.His room is three times bigger than mine.（3） “越来越”单音节的就用“比较级+比较级”越来越高 _ _ _越来越大 _ _多音节的就用more and more +多音节的形容词越来越漂亮_越来越流行_（4） the+比较级，the +比较级 “某人越，（就）会越”越多，越好。The _, the _.你吃的越多，你就会越胖。The _ you eat ,_ _ you will be.你锻炼的越多，你就会越健康。_,_.你锻炼的越少，你就会越不健康。_,_.比较级的修饰语有much, even 甚至, (by) far 大大地, a little 有点, a bit 有点, still, yet, a lot 很, a great deal 大大地, twice, five times, many times, two-fifths, 20%4. 最高级的用法（1） 最高级是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比较方式。运用adj.的最高级，句式为： the+ adj.最高级+n.+表示范围的短语或从句 （in/of+范围） Lucy is _ girl_ her class.Lucy是 班里最漂亮的女孩。Jim is _ boy _the three studentsJim是这三个学生中中最瘦的男孩。特别注意： 介词in和of引导的短语用于比较结构时所表达的范围有所不同： 如果在一定的地域空间内进行比较用in 如果是在同一类事物范围内进行比较用of（2） “最”的其他表达方法 运用比较级表达最高级概念Ann is taller than any other girl in her class.Ann is taller than the other girls in her class.Ann is taller than the rest of girl in her class. 否定句中用“a/an+比较级”表示最高级概念I have never read a better book than this.最高级的修饰语有：序数词，（by）far，nearly 几乎，almost 几乎Africa is the second largest continent.Of all the students, Amys writing is almost the best.Yaoming is by far the most active member in their team.（3）表达“最之一” one of +形容词的最高级+名词的复数形式鲁迅是最伟大的作家之一。Luxun is _ _ _ _ _.5.常用句型：A+be+比较级+than+B; 比较级+and+比较级; “The+比较级，the+比较级”; “Who/Which is+比较级, A or B?”;A+be+the+比较级+of the two (+名词); A+be+最高级（+名词）+of/in/among ; A+be+one of +最高级+可数名词复+of/in/among ; Who/Which is+最高级, A, B or C?练习：一、 写出下列形容词(或副词)的比较级和最高级。41. beautiful2. important3. early4. big5. fat6. high7. low8. good9. well10. bad11. far12. old13. many14. much15. little16. few17. clever18. heavy19. happy 20. shy二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式。1My brother is two years _ (old) than me.2. Is your sister _ (young) than you? Yes, she is.3. -Who is _ (thin),you or Helen? -Helen is.4. Whose pencil-box is _ (big),yours or hers? Hers is.5Ben jumps _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 6Does Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she does. 7The computer was (good) than that one.8Which is _ (heavy),the elephant or the pig? 9Who gets up _ (early),Tim or Tom? 10Jim runs _ (fast) than Ben. 11.Who got a （good） mark in PE, Mark or Mary?12.Who got a （bad）mark in PE, Mark or Mary?13.Who got the （good）mark in PE in your class?14.Who got the （bad）mark in PE, in your class.15.Whose home is （far）from school, Marks or Marys?16.Whose home is the （far）from school, Bettys, Marks or Marys? 17.Her computer was as （good）as mine.18.The machine can produce as (much) production as hers 三、单项选择 ( )1. You must eat _ meat and take _ exercise if you want to be healthier.A. less, less B. more, more C. less, more D. more, less( )2. The experts think Indias population may be _ than Chinas by 2020.A. more B. less C. larger D. small( )3. _ animals are in danger and there will be _ space for them if we dont protect them.A. More and more, more and more B. Less and less, less and lessC. More and more, less and less D. Less and less, more and more( )4. Its _ to teach a man fishing than to give him fish.A. more B. better C. best D. good( )5.-Which do you want to choose? -If I had to choose, the larger one would be _ choice.A. good B. better C. the better D. the best( )6.Im fourteen. My friends is sixteen. So Im _ him.( )7Which dress do you prefer, the blue one or the pink one?The pink one. It feels _.A. comfortable B. as comfortable C. more comfortable D. most comfortable( )8.Tom is terribly ill. Wed better send him to hospital as _ as we can.A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. easily四、完成句子1. 我的电脑不如你的贵重。My computer is _ _ _ _ yours.2.医生对他说