外研初中英语同步练习.doc

定语从句修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词，叫做先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that , which , who (whom宾格 , whose所有格)和关系副词where , when , why。关系代词：当先行词是表示人的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用who , that , whom；当先行词是表示事物的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用that , which；当先行词既有表示事物的名词或代词，又有表示人的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用that 。1. Jack, there is someone in the office_ would like to speak with you.A. who B. which C. whom2. The scientist and his achievements_you told me about are admired by us all .A. that B. which C. who D. whose3. The boy _I talked with just now is my best friend .A. which B. that C. whose D. where 4. The book _he bought yesterday is very interesting .A . 不填B. why C. when D. what5. Have you found the information about famous people _ you can use for the report?Not yet. I will search some on the Internet.A. which B. who C. what D. whom6. Excuse me ,can I have a talk with your manager ?Yes ? Im just the man _you are looking for .A. whose B. what C. who D. which 7. He is the man with_ I just shook hands.A. who B. whom c. which D. whose8. We all like the teacher _ class is interesting and creative.A. which B. whose C. who D. that9. Please show me the book _ cover is red .A. who B. whom C. which D. whose总结：1. 关系代词who的用法：who“谁”，用来表示人，在定语从句中作主语。这里的who一般可以用that来替换。2. 关系代词that的用法：that 的具体意思由先行词的意思决定，它可以表示人，也可以表示物。作主语表示人时，that和who一般可以互换；作宾语表示人时，that和 whom一般可以互换；作主语、宾语表示物时，that 和which一般可以互换，而且都可以省略。3. 关系代词which的用法：which的具体意思由先行词的意思决定，它只可以代替物，可以作定语从句的主语或宾语，一般which可以由that来替换。难点：That作主语或宾语表示物时，常和which通用。但是在下列几种情况下，只用that，不能用which。、先行词既是表示人又是表示物时；、先行词是all , both ,none , nothing , anything ,everything , much , such等词时；、先行词被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时；、先行词被the very , the only , any , no等修饰时。关系副词：关系副词where, when和why引导定语从句时，在定语从句中分别作地点、时间和原因状语，起副词和介词短语的作用10. Last summer I went to Lu Xings hometown and visited the house _ he was born.A. that B. there C. which D. where11. We will never forget the day _ we joined the league .A. where B. why C. when D. which12. This is the reason _ I was late .A. when B. why C. where D. that专练：1. We should give a hand to the people _ need help. A. who B. whose C. whom D. when2. I prefer not to eat too much food _ is fried, like French fries. A. that B. what C. it D. 不填 3. This is the question _ we are talking about now. A. that B. who C. where D. when4. What are you looking for? Im looking for the book _ I bought yesterday. A. who B. which C. whose5. We should give love to the children _ lost their parents in the earthquake. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whom6. This is the dictionary _ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom7. Shaolin Temple _ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad. A. where B. which C. who D. what8. The book _ was written by Yu Dan sells well. A. who B. which C. how D. what9. I like the music _ I can sing along with. A. what B that C. who D. why10. What kind of music do you like?I like music _ I can sing along with.A. who B. that C. what11. The camel _ I rode had a bad temper, and I got very tired. A. that B. whose C. who D. where12. Do you know the girl _ is standing under the tree?She is my little sister. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which13. He is the only student _ plays table tennis better than Jim. A. why B. where C. who D. which14. Do you know the man_is sitting behind Nancy ?A . what B. which C. who D. whose15. Do you like music _ makes you excited ？ A . that B. who C. whom D. it16. Barbara , where do you work ?I work for a company _ sells cars .A . which B. where C. what D. who17.The man _ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist .A . who B. whose C. which D. whom18. This is the place _ my aunt was born in. A . who B. that C. where D. whose 19. Many young people love the songs _ have great lyrics . A . who B. whose C. which 20. “Whos Lucy, do you know? ” “Lucy? The girl _ is wearing a yellow Tshirt. ” A . which B. who C. where 21. The girl _ won the match not so long ago is called Guo Yue, a famous Chinese table tennis player . A . who B. which C. what D. whom22. Have you been to the new Sport Centre _is just opened in town ?No , not yet .A . where B. who C. that D. when23. Without friendship, one cant be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days _ I spent with my dearest friend .A. that B. when C. who 24. Do you know the man _is running along the street ?Yes. He is our English teacher . A. who B. which C. whom25. Can I borrow the new CD_is lying on the desk , Sarah ? A . who B. that C. whom D. what26. My little cousin _ is only eight years old beat all the other players in the city chess competition . A. what B. which C. who D. whom27. All the children like the teachers _can understand them . A. who B. which C. what D. whom28. The green tea _grows in South China is quite popular in China. A. who B. which C. when D. where 29. What kind of music do you like ? I like _I can dance to . A. who B. whom C. what D. that宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句一 引导词 A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。例：I told him that he was wrong. l在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。例：I dont think you are right. (我认为你做的不对) 在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的) B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。例：I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment. 注意（1） 介词后面的宾语从句不用if引导例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。 （2）宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导. 例：I dont know whether the movie star will come or not. （3）和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导. 例：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. C,由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。例：Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语) I dont know where he lives. (where 做地点状语) 二，宾语从句的语序， 宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分例：I believe that they will come soon. He asked me whether I was a teacher. They wanted to know what they can do for us. 三，宾语从句的时态。 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例: 1)She says that she is a student. She said that she was a student. 2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week. She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3)She says that she has finished her homework already. She said that she had finished her homework already. 4)She says that she can sing a song in English. She said that she could sing a song in English. 注意（l）如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. He told me that Japan is an island country. （2）Could you tell me是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。例：Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum? （3）由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。例：She said: “I have been to England before.”She said that she had been to England before. She asked me: “Do you like maths?”She asked me if I liked maths. （4）宾语从句与简单句的交换。由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式 ”做宾语的简单句结构。例：I dont know what I should do next. I cont know what to do next. He didnt know where he would live. He didnt know where to live.专练1. Wed like to know _ or not.A.whether will the sports meeting comeB.if will the sports meeting come C.whether the sports meeting will comeD.if the sports meeting will come2. - Excuse me，could you tell me _？- Certainly.Its over there along the street on the left.A.where the Peoples Park isB.where is the Peoples ParkC.the Peoples Park is whereD.the Peoples Park where is3. Do you know _ this time yesterday？ A.what she is cooking B.what is she cookingC.what she was cooking D.what was she cooking4. I dont think _ rain this afternoon. A.it wont B.its going toC.if its going to D.whether its to5. Were not sure if it _ tomorrow.If it _，we wont climb the South Hill. A.will snow；snows B.will snow；will snowC.snows；snows D.snows；will snow6In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book Athat Bhow Cwhat Dif 7I dont know _ MrGreen will come to see us He will help us with our English Awhy Bwhen Chow Dwhere 8We never know _ the old m an is They say he is a teacher. Awhat Bwho Cwhich Dwhere 9I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers Athat how Bhow that Cwhen that Dthat when 10Do you know _ ？Im going to see him Sorry，I dont know Awhere does MrLi live Bwhere did MrLi live Cwhere MrLi lives Dwhere MrLi lived 11W here do you think _ he _ the computer？ Sorry，I have no idea A；bought Bhas；bought Cdid；buy Ddoes；buy 12I dont feel very wellMum asked me _this morning A. what the matter is Bwhat is wrong Cwhat the matter was Dwhat wrong was 13Where is Jack？ He is away to spend his holidayHes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan，but Im not sure _ A that Bwhich Cwhere Dthere 状语从句状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义，状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有when, while, as, whenever, before, after, since, until, till, as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once等。表示“当时候”的 while, when, as 的用法区别是：while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词；表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时，只能用 when；当表示“一边一边”或“随着”时，只能用 as。另外，用于此义的 as 所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词，不能是状态动词。 “Im going to the post office.” “_ youre there, can you get me some stamps?”2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if, unless, as so long as, in case 等。Dont come unless I telephone. If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 3. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。Take your coat in case it rains (should rain).4. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, sothat, suchthat等。 He was so angry that he couldnt speak.5. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。They cant have gone out because the lights on. 他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。Since you are going, I will go. 既然你去，我也去。6. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等。He went out even though it was raining. 尽管下雨，他还是出去了。7. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as, like, as if, as though, the way等。She cant cook like her mother does.8. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where, wherever, everywhere等。Im not living where I was.从句综合练习：1. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which2. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.A. because B. so that C. even if D. as3. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _are sold abroad.A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that4. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.A. how B. after C. what D. when5._this company has done seems to be in agreement with what the government has called for.A. That B. How C. Whether D. What6. Fortunitely we had a map, without _we would have got lost.A. which B. it C. that D. what7.The Great Wall is the last place _Mr smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijing.A. where B. which C. / D. what8.I shall never forget those years _I lived in the country with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life.A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who9.I dont like the way _ you speak to her.A. / B. in that C. which D. of which10.She spent the whole evening talking about the things and the persons _ none of us has ever heard of .A. which B. who C. whom D. that11.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A. that B. which C. as D. it12.Free film tickets will be sent to _ are interested in the film.A. whomever B. whoever C. whatever D. whichever13.The demand _ the workers ask for higher wages seemed reasonable.A. what B. that C. which D. when14.We wont give up _ we should fail ten times.A. even if B. since C. whether D. until15.I remember _ this used to be a quiet village.A. when B. how C. where D. what16.Do you remember _ he came.? -Yes, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if17._ she knows a lot of things.A. A child she is B. As she is a child C. Child as she is D. Child as is she18.You can go out _ you promise to be back before 12oclock.A. so that B. as far as C. as long as D. in case19.-Do the factory leaders meet every Monday morning? -Yes, _ there is nothing important to deal with.A. since B. if C. unless D. therefore20.He lived in Paris for three months, during _ time he learned some French.A. this B. that C. it D. which21.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable.A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose22.Would you like to have a break _ shall we go on with the work?A. and B. then C. therefore D. or23.Sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city, _ happened in Tang Shan in 1976.A. as B. that C. where D. like24.He was about to tell me the news _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. as B. until C. while D. when25.What is learned in books can not have the same deep effect on a childs character _ is learned through experience.A. what B. as C. as what D. when what26.Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her ? -Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her.A. while B immediately C. once D. suddenly 27.-IcantfindMr.Brown.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning?-Itwasinthehotel hestayed.A.that B.which C.where D.when28.Wellgooutforawalkassoonasit_.A.stopsraining B.raining C.stoptorain D.rain29.Thefilmwas_interesting_everyonewantedtoseeitagain.A.too,to B.so,that C.not,until D.very,that30._studieshardwillpasstheexamination.A.Whoever B.Anystudent C.Who D.Thosewho31.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_Iwillalwaystreasure.A.that B.one C.it D.what32.Shetookitforgranted_Illagreewithher.A.that B.whether C.if D.when综合填空练习：When I was walking down the street one day , I s_ a small bag on the ground . I picked it up and opened it to see w_ I could find out the owners name . There was n_ inside it except some dollars and a picture of a wom