专有名词和连词.doc

Yaju Education雅居教育，乐在其中！ 一对一个性辅导 2013-3-9 一. 专有名词专有名词是指人、地方、称谓、机构、语言、国民、周日、月份、节日等的专有名称，第一个字母要大写，一般无复数形式，前面一般不加冠词。December 25 is Christmas Day.十二月二十五日是圣诞节。My name is Peter and I am a Chinese.我叫彼得，我是中国人。I graduated from Harvard University and I work in a company on Wall Street.我毕业于哈佛大学，在华尔街一家公司供职。Can you speak English?你会讲英语吗？2. 有些专有名词，或在某种情形时的专有名词依然要有冠词。比如Chinese, English等国语名称之后有language时，前面用定冠词the。比较下面两句?Can you speak Chinese?你会讲中文吗？No. The Chinese language is hard to learn.不会。中国话很难学。3. 不定冠词a/an放在姓名之前表示与某名人类似的人。I wish to become an Einstein.我希望成为像爱因斯坦那样的人。4. 专有名词用作单数普通名词。Peter is very clever; perhaps he will be another Einstein.彼得非常聪明，他将来可能成为另一位爱因斯坦。5. 有些专有名词可用作复数普通名词，字尾要加-s或-es。I always get up late on Saturdays.星期六我总是起床晚。连词and, but, so英语中，连词是连接单词、短语或者句子的一种虚词，在句中不单独做任何成分。按照性质，连词可以分为并列连词和从属连词。由并列连词连接的两个（或两个以上）简单句叫做并列句，由从属连词连接的句子叫做主从复合句。并列连词可以用来表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系或因果关系等。1.and的用法 并列连词and意为“和，又”，表示并列关系，常用来连接表示对等成分的单词、短语或者句子，表示意思的顺延或增补。例如：（1）Our Maths teacher is kind and heipful.我们数学老师和蔼可亲而且乐于帮助我们。(连接连个形容词）（2）I went to the supermarket and bought some vegetables this morning.今天早上我去超市买了一些蔬菜。（连接两个动词短语，表示意思的顺延，动作的先后发生）（3）Her uncle gave her a new bike as her birthday present and she liked it very much.她叔叔给了他一辆新自行车作为生日礼物，她非常喜欢。（连接连个简单句，表示意思的顺延，并列句） and用作并列连词有多重含义，除了表示并列关系外，还可以表示目的（and之后）和条件（and之前）等关系。例如：（4）Come and see my family.来见见我家人。（see表示目的）（5）Be careful,and you will make fewer mistakes.如果仔细，你犯的错误就少）（Be careful表示条件）2.but的用法 并列连词but意为“但是”，表示转折关系，所连接的成分意思相反或相对。例如：（1）Our school is small but beatiful.我们学校虽然小但很漂亮。（连接两个形容词，意思相对）（2）The car is very old but it runs very fast.虽然小汽车旧了，但跑得很快。3.so的用法 并列连词so表示“因此、所以”之意，常用来连接两个简单句，这两个简单句有意思上的因果关系。例如：（1）The rain began to fall,so we went home.天开始下雨了，所以我们就回家了。（2）Everyone in the town knew him ,so we had no trouble finding his house.镇上谁都认识他，因此他们毫不费力就找到了他的家。 so和从属连词because（因为）不能一起连用。也就是说，使用了并列连词）。就不用because(从属连词）；使用了because，就不用so。例如： 他病了，没去上学。（3）He was ill,so he didnt go to school (本句是一个由并列连词so连接的并列句）（4）He didnt go to school because he was ill.（本句是一个由从属连词because引导的主从复合句）相关练习题：一.用and, but, so填空。1. She is tall _ thin. 她又高又瘦。2. He is not my father, _ my uncle.他不是我爸爸，而是我叔叔。3. I didnt get up at 7:00 this morning, _ I was late for school.今早7点钟我还没有起床，所以上学迟到了。4. I am tired today, _ I go to bed early.今天我很累，所以早早上床睡觉了。5. He is not my friend, _ my enemy.他不是我的朋友，而是我的敌人。6. The story is very interesting , _ we all like it .这个故事很有趣，所以我们大家都很喜欢。7. The door was locked, _ we couldnt get in .门上锁了，所以我们进不去。8. It is very cold , _ wear a heavy coat.外边很冷，因此穿上一件厚大衣。9Go along the street， _ youll find the shop 10The weather was very cold， _ many people were ill 11People think we look the same， _ I can see that were different 12I know him _ I cant remember his name 13My glasses were broken， _ I need a new pair（拓展用法）1. “祈使句+and+一般将来时的陈述句”and表示承接。Work hard and you will pass the exam.用工读书你就会通过考试。2. “祈使句+or+一般将来时的陈述句”or在此表示否则Hurry up, or you will be late.快点，不然你会迟到的。相关练习：单项选择( ) 1. Go ahead _ you will see the hospital. A. and B. or C. but D. so( ) 2. Hurry up , _ you will be hit by the car. A. and B. or C. but D. so ( ) 3. She is good at playing football _ playing basketball. A. and B. or C. but D. so ( ) 4. He is very short _ he is still strong. A. and B. or C. but D. so（ ）5. Mr. Smith is an English teacher _ he teaches us English. A. or B. and C. but D. so （ ）6. Would you like to go to the concert with me tonight? Id love to, _ I cant. I have a lot of homework to do. A. or B. and C. but D. so （ ）7. Its a long story, but there are few new words in it, _ it will be easy for children. A. or B. and C. but D. so （ ） 8. The doctor tried his best to save the patients life,_ failed. A. or B. and C. but D. so （ ）9. I like both swimming _ skating. They are so cool! A. or B. and C. but D. so （ ）10 _ I was ill yesterday, _ I didnt go to work. A. because, so B. For, and C. /, but D. /, so（ ）11Work hard， _ youll catch up with others Aand Bbut Cor Dfor （ ）12That was our first lesson， _ she didnt know all our names Afor Bbut Cso Dor （ ）13The boy is only ten， _ he can do some washing himself Athough Bbut Cor Dso （ ）14He is rich， _ he isnt ha