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莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂节膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蚀螆肃芆蚀衿艿膂虿羁肂薀蚈螁袅蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃芈蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羁蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蚁膅膁螁袄羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁芈莅袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃蚂肃莈蒂螅芈芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蒇蚃羀 过渡性词语过渡性词语（即转承词或衔接词）介绍。过渡性词语即“起”、“承”、“转”、“合”的词语在作文中能起到润滑剂的作用。正确并灵活运用这类词语能使作文结构清晰，逻辑合理，文章流畅。议论文常用的过渡性词语可分为以下十二种，但是有些词语在几种类型中可通用。1、 开头段引出扩展句的词语： at first, first of all, in the first place , for one thing.,(for another.)（首先-，其次-），now, nowadays, at present, recently, lately, on the one hand.,on the other hand.2、 表示次序关系的词语：first, second, third, finally, firstly, secondly, thirdly, eventually, furthermore, above all, afterwards, at last.3、 表示时间顺序的词语：before, after that, now, next, soon, then, just then, later, until, since, ever since, from then on, while , meanwhile.4、 表示因果关系的词语：as a result, as a result of, accordingly, because, because of, due to, owing to, now that, in that, since, so that, consequently, as a consequence, hence, for, for this/that reason, thus, so, in this/that way, therefore.5、 表示空间关系的词语：between, beside, beyond, across, over, at, from.to, into, outside, inside, above, against, around, at the bottom, before, behind, below, close to, up, down, far, farther, in front of, in the center of, in the distance, in the middle of, nearly, next to, on the left, on the right, on the opposite side, opposite to, on top of, under. 6、 表示推理关系的词语：or else（否则）， otherwise, if so, under no circumstances.7、 表示比较或对比、让步以及转折关系的词语：like, unlike, similarly, in the same manner/way, in comparison with, in contrast to， instead, on the contrary, while, though, even though/if, although, even when, in spit of, whereas, but, yet, rather than, nevertheless, no matter what/how/when/where/which. 8、 表示强调或递进关系的词语：above all, of course, indeed, in addition, additionally, besides, too, moreover, furthermore, that is to say, in other words, whats more, in fact, once again, especially, in particular, most important. 9、 表示条件或假设关系的词语：if, unless, provided that, in case, supposing, suppose.10.表示同意语气的词语：no doubt, doubtless, undoubtedly, of course, surely, naturally, certainly. 11.表示举例关系的词语：as follows, a case in point, for example, for instance, including, to illustrate, namely, such as.12.表示总结类型的词语：to summarize, to sum up, to conclude, in sum, in summary, in conclusion, thus, therefore, all in all, in brief, briefly, on the whole, in all, in short, in a word, in terms, as I have said, as has been noted. 议论文一现象解释型此类作文在考试作文中最为常见。命题主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论，其基本结构是：首先说明现状；其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因；最后做出分析，提出建议或总结观点。一）From the chart/graph/table/picture, we learn that nowadays, _总述社会现象或社会事实_ has aroused the great/common concern. What impresses us most is _社会突出现象_. There are many reasons accounting for _现象或变化_. First of all, _原因一_. What is more,_原因二_. For example, _举例说明原因二_. In addition, _原因三_. Therefore, 总结原因导致的结果_. As far as I am concerned, 我的观点. For one thing/on one hand 理由一. For another/on the other hand 理由二. Thus/in brief/taking above mentioned factors into consideration, I may reasonably conclude that 段落总结句.二） According to the chart/graph/table/picture, it is clear that 图表/画内容总概括. The chart /graph/table/picture show具体描述图表/图画内容一，while 具体描述图表/图画内容二. Many reasons contribute to 现象概括。 To begin with, 原因一。进一步阐述原因一。 Moreover, 原因二。 In addition, 原因三。As a result, 段落总结句。 As to me, 我的观点/态度/建议。 First of all, 理由一。Besides, 理由二。To conclude, 段落总结句。E.G.: 1. Student Use of Computers. 1. 上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间: 1990年（2 hours）、1995年(4 hours)、2002年(14 hours)，请描述其变化； 2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）； 3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 2. Health Gains in Developing Countries.1. 以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命（life expectancy）和婴儿死亡率（infant mortality）的变化情况。 2. 说明引起变化的各种原因。 3. Harmfulness of Fake Commodities. 1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fake commodities)2.为什么会有这种现象？3.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费个人、社会等的危害。4. Education and Market 1. 教育作为一种产业进入市场 2. 产生这种现象的原因 3. 我的看法5. Adults Education 1.。成人教育在城市中很普及，有18%的成年人选择成人教育 2. 分析原因何在 3. 我毕业后打算如何继续学习6. Cards 1. 现代社会城市中持卡的人越来越多 2. 其原因在于。 3. 其发展趋势是。E.G.: Student Use of ComputersFrom the chart, we learn that nowadays, student use of computers had grown sharply, which has aroused the greatest concern. What impresses us most is that, in 2000, college students averagely spent 20 hours per week on computer, which is more ten times than the size ten years ago. There many reasons accounting for this phenomenon.First of all, the decreasing price of PC plays an important part. What is more, internet provides students and amazing world to explore. For example, people can make friends around the world. In addition, for students, the computer can be a great help to their study. Therefore, more and more students devote their time to computers.As far as I am concerned, there are some problems existing in student use of computers. On one hand, lack of skills fails students to make full use of the computer. On the other hand, lacking necessary disciplines, some students indulge in computer games and net world, forgetting their major tasks as college students. In brief, I may reasonably conclude that there is still a lot to do to help students make good use of computers.Student Use of Computers According to the chart, it is clear that the students use of computers has grown rapidly. The chart shows from 1990 to 1995, the average hours that students spent on computers in every week were only doubled, while in 2000, the number grew to 20 hours, which is five times as large as that of 1995. Many reasons contribute to this tremendous growth. To begin with, the low price of computer allows many students to have one in university. That is to say, the price of PC is becoming so cheap that many students can have their own computers. Moreover, many net bars can provide students convenient access to computers. In addition, internet provides people an amazing world to explore. As a result, computers have an irresistible attraction to them.As to me, I think there are still problems in student use of computers. First of all, students dont have enough skills to command computers, which limits them to the full used of computers. Besides, students who are short of self-disciplines may forget their main task of study. To conclude, we still need take effective measures to make progress in student use of computers.二对比选择型基本方法为：阐述一种观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确的理由；阐述第二种（相对或相反的）观点或态度并说明这种观点或态度正确的理由；表明个人支持或反对以上观点或态度，并说明原因。一） There is no complete agreement among people as to 问题/事物. Some people consider, 一种看法/观点. However, others think that 另一种看法/观点. Some people may say 观点一的理由. They hold this opinion because 深入阐述观点一的理由. However, others believe, 观点二的理由.They argue that, 深入阐述观点二的理由. Personally, I am in favorof the 我的观点或看法. Firstly, 个人看法的依据一. Secondly, 个人看法的依据二. Most important of all 个人看法的依据三. Taking above-mentioned factors into consideration, we/I may reasonably conclude that 重申观点。E.G.: 1. Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? 1. 很多认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是. 2. 也有人持不同意见，. 3. 我的看法和打算 2. Reading Selectively Or Extensively? 1. 有人认为读书要有选择 2. 有人认为应当博览群书 3. 我的看法 Reading Selectively Or Extensively? 3. Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? 1. 名校校园正成为旅游新热点 2. 校园是否应对游客开放,人们看法不同 3. 我认为.4. Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet. 1.当然，因特网既有其优点也有弊端。2.因特网在很多方面对人类是有益的。3.然而，因特网也给我们带来了许多问题。4.总之，因特网的利弊取决于我们如何使用它。5. My View on Job-Hopping 1. 有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为. 2. 有些人喜欢经常更换工作，因为. 3. 我的看法 6. How to memorize English Words?1. 一些人认为背诵生词表中的英文单词是最佳的学习方法2. 一些人认为要记住英文单词的最佳学习方法是大量阅读3. 我的做法7. Love and Study1. 有些人认为谈恋爱会影响学习2. 有些人却认为谈恋爱会促进学习3. 你的看法8. The Future of Our World1. 一些人对人类社会的未来持乐观态度，因为。2. 另一些人则持悲观态度（如：污染和战争等对人类的威胁。）3. 我的看法Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?There is no complete agreement among people as to whether we should have a test of spoken English or not. Some people consider that it is necessary for college students to have such a test. However, others think that it is useless to emphasize the importance of spoken English.Some people may say that a test of spoken English is very important. They hold this opinion because they maintain that such a test can stimulate college students to have conversation practice. However, others believe that taking such a test is a waste of time. They argue that it is reading, translating and writing skills that really matter.Personally, I am in favor of the former opinion. Firstly, spoken English is becoming more and more important in global communication. Secondly, such a test can strengthen students awareness of the importance of spoken English. Most important of all, if we cant speak fluently, we will not achieve the ultimate purpose of learning English: to communicate with foreigners. Taking the above mentioned factors into consideration, we may reasonably conclude that it is necessary for college students to take a test of spoken English.Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English. When talking about it, different people will offer different opinions. Some people take it forgranted that college students should take a test of spoken English. In their opinion, it is good chance forthem to test their spoken English. Besides, it also make them know the importance of the spoken English. However, others hold that a test of spoken English is unnecessary in the university and colleges. They maintain that college students practice of spoken English is not fortesting but fordaily use. And they think it is hard to manage such a subjective test. Weighing up these two arguments, I am forthe first point of view. Forone thing, spoken English is very important. Foranother, a test of spoken English can guide and supervise students to make conversation practice. Forinstance, when choosing books and other materials, students can pick them according to the bands of the test they want to take. Therefore, as stated above, the first point of view can hold water.三问题解决型此类作文要求考生从提示性文字或图表、图画入手，解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出的问题，提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性