高中英语AhealthylifeSectionⅠWarmingamp；ReadingPre_reading教学案.docx

Unit 3 A healthy life Nearly a million American youngsters， some as young as 6，rely onpersonal trainers to shape up(塑身)， lose weightor improve in sports. Many parents， worried about their childrensweight and fitness， say that working with a trainer motivates (激发) their kids and helps them build confidence. So they arewilling to spend the D|S40 to D|S60 an hour that trainers generally charge.,The Bostonbased groups latest figures， from 2005， show that 824，000 children between the ages of 6 and 17 use trainers.With many high school students not getting exercise at school， more parents are turning totrainers to help their children stay fit. More than onethird of American children are overweight andexperts warn of future health problems ahead from diabetes (糖尿病) to heart disease.,Kathleen Ballew said that her 7yearold son， Jordan Sims， who would begin second grade in the fall， couldbenefit from some oneonone time with a fitness professional. She had noticed that he needed help with balance and coordination (协调能力) in soccer and karate (空手道). She also observed that he did not want to do things that kids normally did， like climbing on park equipment. After Jordan had begun working out at Baylor Tom Landry Fitness Center in Dallas with a trainer about a year before， he moved more naturally and confidently. His trainer， Lauren Jacobson， works with about half a dozen kids under 18. She said she noticed that training helped build confidence and a senseof accomplishment， along withhelping kids get in better shape.Section_Warming Up & Reading Prereading,ADVICE FROM GRANDADDear James，It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. Its my birthday in two weeks time and Ill be 82 years old! I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop. You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.at the end of 在的尽头/末端在It seems amazing that .中， that引导主语从句，it是形式主语。due to 由于due/dju/adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的此处第一个it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语to give it up。tough/tf/adj.困难的；强硬的adolescence/dlesns/n.青春期adolescent/dlesnt/n.青少年 adj.青春期的addicted to对有瘾addicted/dIktId/adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的爷爷的忠告亲爱的詹姆士：今天这儿的天气很好。我正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树底下呢。我刚刚才回来，骑自行车跑了很长一段路，一直到了古城堡。这好像很惊奇吧，在我这样的年纪，仍然身体足够健康能在一个下午骑车跑20千米。再过两个礼拜就是我82岁的生日了！我想我(之所以)长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我过的健康生活。这就是我写信给你的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。相信我吧，我知道开始吸烟是多么容易而戒烟是多么困难。你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且对烟还上了瘾。By the way, did you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways? First， you can become physically addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symptoms. I remember feeling badtempered and sometimes even in pain. Secondly, you become addicted through habit. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again， you begin to do it automatically. Lastly, you can become mentally addicted. I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked. I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. But I did finally manage. first和下文的secondly, lastly等连用，表示顺序。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰nicotine。accustomed/kstmd/to 习惯于withdrawal/wIdrl/n.收回；戒毒过程badtempered adj.脾气暴躁的；易怒的as引导定语从句，if引导条件状语从句。automatically/tmtIklI/adv.无意识地；自动地mentally/mentlI/adv.精神上；智力上quit/kwIt/vt.停止(做某事)；离开在“do/does/did动词原形”结构中，do/does/did为助动词，意为“确实；的确”，用于肯定句，起加强语气的作用，有人称和时态的变化。这儿我顺便问你一个问题，你知道上瘾有三个不同方面的原因吗？首先，你会在身体上对尼古丁有瘾，它是香烟里几百种化学物质之一。这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。因此一旦你的体内没有这种麻醉剂了，你就会有脱瘾症状。我记得曾感到烦躁，有时甚至痛苦。其次，你也可能因为习惯而上瘾。你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事情，你就会开始自动地做它。最后，你可能在心理上上瘾。我那时认为，抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。我(之所以)上瘾共有三个方面的原因，因此，要戒烟就很难。但是我最终还是戒掉了。When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmfuleffects of smoking. I didnt know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. I certainly didnt know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal in some way. Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of nonsmokers. However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. She said my breath and clothes smelt, and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow. She told me that she wouldnt go out with me again unless I stopped! I also noticed that I became breathless quickly, and that I wasnt enjoying sport as much. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit， I knew it was time to quit smoking.I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet. It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.Love from Grandad,effect/Ifekt/n.结果；效力do damage to . 对造成伤害lung/l/n.肺or连接两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个that可省略，但第二个that不能省略。pregnant/prennt/adj.怀孕的abnormal/bnml/adj.畸形的；异常的neither位于句首，所在的句子用部分倒装结构。what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。smell此处为连系动词，表示“闻起来”，后常接形容词。said后有两个宾语从句。unless表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句。breathless/brelIs/adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的take off此处意为“开除；除名”，还可作“脱掉；起飞；成名”讲。unfit/nfIt/adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的strengthen/stren/vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强resolve/rIzlv/n.决心；决定本句中第一个as为副词，修饰long和healthy，第二个as为连词，引导方式状语从句。asadj.a/ann.as 表示“像一样的”。在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。例如，我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。我当然不知道他们的婴儿在出生时可能体重较轻甚至在某些方面不正常。我也不知道，我自己吸烟还会损害那些不吸烟的人的健康。然而我的的确确知道，我的女朋友觉得我身上很难闻。她说我的呼吸、我的衣服都有烟味，而且我的指尖都变黄了。她说在我把烟戒掉之前她是不会再同我一起外出的！我也发现我(跑步)很快就气喘，也不像以前那样爱好运动了。当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我知道该是戒烟的时候了。我把我从网上找到的一些忠告寄给你。这也许对你戒烟和坚定决心有帮助。我的确希望如此，因为我想让你能像我这样活得健康长寿。爱你的爷爷How can you stop smoking?It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and so can you. Here are a few suggestions.Prepare yourself. Decide on a day to quit. Dont choose a day that you know is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam. Make a list of all the benefits you will get from stopping smoking. Then throw away your last packet of cigarettes.Be determined. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette， remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker. Reread the list of benefits you wrote earlier.manage to do设法完成某件困难的事情so置于句首，表示前者情况也同样适用于后者时，句子要用部分倒装结构。decide on 对作出决定decide on (doing) sth.决定(做)某事decide to do sth.决定做某事packet/pkIt/n.小包；小盒feel like (doing) 想要(做)every time此处相当于连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次”。你怎样才能戒烟呢？戒烟不容易，但几百万的人已经成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。这儿有几点建议：做好准备。确定一个开始戒烟的日子。不要选择你明知有压力的日子，例如要考试的那一天。把戒烟的所有好处列一份清单。(在你计划戒烟的前一天，)把你最后一包香烟扔掉。下定决心。每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。把你早先所写的好处再读一遍。Break the habit. Instead of smoking a cigarette, do something else. Go for a walk, clean your teeth, drink some water, clean the house; in fact, do anything to keep your mind and especially your hands busy.Relax. If you start to feel nervous or stressed, do not reach for a cigarette. Try some deep breathing instead. Do some relaxation exercises every time you feel stressed.Get help if you need it. Arrange to stop smoking with a friend so you can talk about your problems, or join a stopsmoking group. If you feel desperate， you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about something to help you, like nicotine chewing gum.Keep trying. Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking. If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed. Just try again. You will succeed eventually. break the habit 改掉习惯“keep宾语形容词”意为“使处于状态”reach for 伸手去拿/够relaxation/rilkseIn/n.放松；松弛desperate/desprt/adj.绝望的；拼命的chemist/kemIst/n.药剂师；化学家gum/m/n.树胶chewing gum 口香糖disappointed/dIspIntId/adj.失望的；沮丧的weaken/wikn/vi.(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱vt.(使)变弱ashamed/eImd/adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的破除旧习。不要抽烟，而去做点别的事情。去散散步、刷刷牙、喝点水、打扫房间。其实，只要是能使你的大脑，特别是手不得闲的事情，你都可以去做。放松。如果你开始感到紧张或者有压力，不要伸手去拿香烟。试着做做深呼吸来代替。每当你感到有压力时，做做放松运动。必要时找人帮忙。同朋友一起来安排戒烟，这样你们可以谈谈你们的问题，(你)也可以参加一个戒烟小组。如果你的确感到很绝望，你还可以找一个医生或药剂师来谈谈关于帮助你的一些事情，如嚼含尼古丁的口香糖等。保持努力。如果你不得不尝试多次戒烟才能最终把它戒掉，你也不要失望。如果你意志薄弱而吸了一支烟，不要感到羞愧。那就再努力戒就是了。最终你会成功的。PrereadingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1ban Aa state of mental or emotional strain or suspense2abuse Bto make sth. stronger or become stronger3desperate Cfeeling or showing great despair or ready to do anything regardless of danger4strengthen Dto make a bad or wrong use of5stress Eto say that sth. must not be done, seen, used, etc.6due Ffeeling embarrassed and guilty because of sth. you have done7automatic Gto leave a job, school etc, especially without finishing it completely8mental Hrelating to the health or state of someones mind9quit Idone without thinking, especially because you have done the same thing many times before10ashamed Jowed to someone either as a debt or because they have a right to it15_610_答案：15EDCBA610JIHGFLeadinTell which is healthy and which is unhealthy.Healthy activities：ABCUnhealthy activities：DEFWhilereadingFastreadingSkim the text and do the following exercises.1Whats the main idea of the first part?AThe grandfather lives a healthy life because of his quitting smoking.BThe three ways of becoming addicted to smoking.CThe harmful effects of smoking.DA letter explaining how a smoker becomes addicted to cigarettes and why he should give it up.2Whats the main idea of the second part?AAdvice on how to stop smoking.BHow to prepare yourself.CSuggestions on breaking the habit of smoking.DMillions have managed to quit smoking and so can you.答案：1.D2.A3Find out the main idea (or topic sentence) of each paragraph：Para.1AGranddad talks about James problem of smoking.Para.2 BThe harmful effects of smoking.Para.3 CGranddad tells about the life he is living and the importance of a healthy life.Para.4 DGranddads hope for James and his advice on stopping smoking.Para.5 EThe three different ways of becoming addicted.Para.1 _C_Para.2 _A_Para.3 _E_Para.4 _B_Para.5 _D_CarefulreadingRead the text and choose the best answers.1Why James grandfather wrote to James?ABecause he wanted to tell James his experience.BBecause he wanted to tell James the harmful effects of smoking.CBecause he wanted to help James give up smoking.DBecause he wanted to help James get some information.2From Para.3.we can learn that _. Aa person can be addicted to nicotine because nicotine is one of the chemicals in cigarettesBa person will be addicted to smoking if he treats it as a habitCa person will feel sick if his body gets used to having nicotineDa person will really feel relaxed when having a cigarette3Which is NOT the effect of smoking?ACausing terrible damage to heart and lungs.BAffecting the health of nonsmokers.CMaking the clothes turn yellow.DNot enjoying sport.4In what way did the old man try to persuade his grandson to give up smoking?AUsing scientific theory.BHis failure in love.CHis sports activity.DHis own experience.5The following statements are true EXCEPT _.AJames grandfather was tired when returning from a long bike rideBthere are three ways a person can become addicted to smokingCkeeping your hands busy will help stop smokingDsome people have to try several times before quitting smoking答案：15CBCDAStudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.句式分析本句为主从复合句，that引导的宾语从句作tells的宾语，在that从句中and 连接两个并列分句，其中在后一分句中“finding it difficult to give it up”为“finditadj.to do sth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to give it up，形容词difficult作宾语补足语。尝试翻译你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。2Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.句式分析本句中believe me作插入语，know后跟了两个how引导的宾语从句，其句式为“howadj./adv.主语谓语”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。尝试翻译相信我吧，我知道开始吸烟是多么容易而戒烟是多么困难。3I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked.句式分析尝试翻译我那时认为，抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。4It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and so can you.句式分析此句是由but连接的并列句，其中第二个分句又是由and连接的并列句，其中的so can you是倒装结构，即“so情态动词另一主语”结构。此结构中除了用情态动词之外，还可以用助动词和be动词。尝试翻译戒烟不容易，但几百万的人已经成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。.阅读理解AOur story begins at the John Burroughs Elementary School in Washington,DC. The schools kindergarten students are staying late today an hour after classes normally end. The boys and girls are not seeking help with reading skills or mathematics. Instead, they are tasting kale, a vegetable that many of them are eating for the first time.The schools teacher Dionne Hammiel says her students have learned healthy eating habits from the program. She hopes they will keep a healthy diet for the rest of their lives.The program is taught by young people like Karen Davison. She is a member of FoodCorps. The nonprofit group gets money from the AmeriCorps National Service Program. Since the beginning of the school year, Ms. Davison has spent each day in this Washington,DC. classroom. She gives the kindergarteners vegetables that many of them have never tasted. She teaches them where their food comes from and how they can choose to eat healthier meals.FoodCorps was set up five years ago. It sends more than 180 young Americans to 500 schools across the United States. The young people teach students about nutrition and how they can eat healthy food both at school and at home. FoodCorps also works with other groups to plant vegetable gardens in schools and bring healthier food to stores especially stores in cities. Many small urban stores often sell only packaged food.Maddie Morales is a member of FoodCorps. She says the groups work is especially important in the fight against childhood obesity when a child has too much body fat. She notes that the child obesity rate in the United States is twice what it was 30 years ago.1Why are the schools kindergarten students staying late?AThey are attending extra classes.BThey are learning about eating healthily.CThey are learning how to pick out fresh vegetables.DThey are being punished because of their poor performance.解析：选B细节理解题。由第一段“Instead, they are tasting kale . the first time.”和第二段第一句“The schools teacher Dionne Hammiel says . habits from the program.”可知，孩子们放学后还没走，是在学习健康饮食。2What do we know about FoodCorps?AIt makes money by selling healthy food.BIt helps a lot in fighting against childhood obesity.CIt teaches students how to plant healthy vegetables.DIt aims at introducing rare vegetables across the United States.解析：选B细节理解题。由最后一段“She says the groups work is especially important in the fight against childhood obesity .”可知，FoodCorps在解决儿童肥胖问题上的贡献尤为突出。3What can we infer from the text?AFood sold in city stores is usually unhealthy.BMost of the children in the program are overweight.CCompared with healthy food, packaged food is cheaper.DThe problem of overweight is getting worse in the United States.解析：选D推理判断题由最后一段“She notes that the child obesity rate in the United States is twice what it was 30 years ago.”可知，美国的儿童肥胖问题更为严重了。BStarting on April 1, the Navajo Nation one of the largest tribal (部落的) governments of the North American Indian tribes will charge a 2% tax (税) on junk food sold on its reservation the first tax of its kind in the United States. The change is part of the Healthy Din Nation Act, which will also remove a 5% sales tax on healthy foods, like fresh fruits and vegetables.Denisa Livingston of the Din Community Advocacy Alliance, a group that helped pass this law, hopes to make people in the community more aware of their food choices. “This is a friendly awareness tax，” she told TimeForKids.About 24,600 Navajo tribe members face obesity, and type 2 diabetes has developed as a growing public health concern affecting up to 60% of the Navajo people in some areas.Livingston says that the Navajo Nations status (身份) as a “food desert” contributes to the health problems her people face. A food desert is an area where fresh, healthy food is expensive and hard to find. Food deserts are especially common in lowincome communities, such as the Navajo Nation, where 38% of the population lives at the poverty level.Livingston hopes the law will lead to major changes. “If we continue on the route that we are now on, then eventually were not going to be looking forward to healthy generations to come，” she said.The money that the government collects from junk food taxes will be put towards projects that encourage people to eat healthy foods, like community vegetable gardens, greenhouses, and farmers markets.“This act is going to open the door to many more opportunities and conversations and ideas about how we move to a food oasis (绿洲)，” Livingston said. “Whether youre deep in the reservation or the neighboring towns, you will have the availability of healthy foods.”语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了纳瓦霍族政府推行的一项致力于提高人民健康的法案。4What does Denisa Livingston think of