英语写作技巧.ppt

英语写作技巧英语写作技巧 1. 1.审题审题 2. 2.写做原则写做原则 3. 3.类型及模式类型及模式 4. 4.注意要点注意要点 5. 5.提高作文水平策略提高作文水平策略 1. 1.审题审题 n n 我们拿到作文后第一件事要做的就是审题我们拿到作文后第一件事要做的就是审题 。审题的作用在于使你的写作不跑题（如。审题的作用在于使你的写作不跑题（如 果跑题，条理和语言再好，也得不到及格果跑题，条理和语言再好，也得不到及格 分，甚至分，甚至0 0分）。那么审题要审什么呢？分）。那么审题要审什么呢？ 审题审题 快速扫描，了解大概，回读抓重点快速扫描，了解大概，回读抓重点 题材：所反映的社会生活的某些领域、现题材：所反映的社会生活的某些领域、现 象（饮食、盗版现象、环境、就业象（饮食、盗版现象、环境、就业） 体裁：根据体裁不同，确定不同写作方法体裁：根据体裁不同，确定不同写作方法 （议论文、说明文、应用文）（议论文、说明文、应用文） 要求：题目要求：有要求：题目要求：有/ /无题目无题目, ,自拟自拟简短简短 提纲：已给提纲：已给翻译，若无翻译，若无自己列自己列 2. 2.写作原则写作原则 主题句原则：开头主题句，一目了然；隐藏主题句会冒主题句原则：开头主题句，一目了然；隐藏主题句会冒 险险 短语优先原则：增加亮点，凑字数短语优先原则：增加亮点，凑字数 长短句原则：开头、结尾长短句原则：开头、结尾一长一短；一长一短； 文章主体文章主体长短适当长短适当 条理性原则：使用连接词，结构清楚，条理自然条理性原则：使用连接词，结构清楚，条理自然 多变句式原则：使文章不单调，有水平多变句式原则：使文章不单调，有水平 ( (递进、转折、因果、修辞、从句、独立主格、递进、转折、因果、修辞、从句、独立主格、there there bebe句型句型） 连接词连接词 n n to begin with, then, furthermore, finallyto begin with, then, furthermore, finally n n to start with, next, in addition, finally to start with, next, in addition, finally n n first and foremost, besides, last but not least first and foremost, besides, last but not least n n most important of all, moreover, finally most important of all, moreover, finally n n on the one hand, on the other hand on the one hand, on the other hand n n for one thing, for another thing for one thing, for another thing 过渡词过渡词 n n 递进：递进：besides,also,whatbesides,also,what s more,in s more,in addition,moreover;whataddition,moreover;what s worse,worse still,to s worse,worse still,to make thing worsemake thing worse n n 转折：转折：however,but,still,nevertheless,in spite however,but,still,nevertheless,in spite ofof n n 因果：因果： so,therefore,accordingly,consequently,as a so,therefore,accordingly,consequently,as a result,so that,for this reason result,so that,for this reason 3. 3.类型及模式类型及模式 n n 议论文议论文 开头段：开头段： 1 1 there has been a heated discussion aboutthere has been a heated discussion about主题主题some people think that-some people think that-（ 正观点），正观点）， othersothers， howeverhowever， are of the opinion that-are of the opinion that-（反观点）（反观点） 或或 nowadays,nowadays,主题主题plays an important part in daily life.like everything else ,plays an important part in daily life.like everything else ,主题主题has both has both favorable and unfavourable aspects .generally,opinions are divided into twofavorable and unfavourable aspects .generally,opinions are divided into two. . 中间段：中间段： 2 2 those who argue that-those who argue that-（正观点）（正观点） have the reasons as followshave the reasons as follows。 n n firstfirst， - - n n secondsecond，- - n n third/besidesthird/besides，- - 3 3 othersothers also also have their own opinions have their own opinions。（。（ 反观点）反观点） n n on the one handon the one hand，- - n n on the other handon the other hand，- - n n last but not the leastlast but not the least，- - 结尾段：结尾段： 4 4 to sum upto sum up， i hold /think that -i hold /think that -（正反观点随便选一种，正观点为多数，或者说个（正反观点随便选一种，正观点为多数，或者说个 中立的观点）中立的观点） 或或 in conclusion/in summary/personally /as far as i am concerned,i firmly support the view in conclusion/in summary/personally /as far as i am concerned,i firmly support the view that -that - 应用文应用文 n n 邀请函、通知类似：开头讲目的，中间讲流程，最后提醒。邀请函、通知类似：开头讲目的，中间讲流程，最后提醒。 dear -,dear -,( (称呼）称呼） how time flies?- how time flies?- here is an opportunity for us to- here is an opportunity for us to- ( (说明来意）说明来意） i would like to introduce the whole plan of the -.i would like to introduce the whole plan of the -. to begin with,-.then,-.at last,-.to begin with,-.then,-.at last,-.（事件流程）（事件流程） in addition,youin addition,you d better -and take d better -and take with you.with you.（注意事项）（注意事项） i am looking forward to your reply and arrrival.i am looking forward to your reply and arrrival.（表达诚意）（表达诚意） yours truly,yours truly, - - 说明文说明文 给出一现象给出一现象给出（分析）原因给出（分析）原因发表个人看法发表个人看法 it is known to us all thatit is known to us all that现象现象.there are many .there are many reasons forreasons for现象现象,but in general ,they come down to ,but in general ,they come down to three major ones.three major ones. for one thing, for one thing,（1 1）.for another.for another,(2).,(2).perhaps,the perhaps,the prime reason is that prime reason is that (3).(3). as far as i am concerned,it is right/ as far as i am concerned,it is right/wrongwrong to do to do 现现 象象 becausebecause（1 1）.what.what t more/t more/worseworse, ,（2 2） also/finally,also/finally,（3 3）. . 4. 4.注意要点注意要点 n n 字迹清楚，段落明朗；字数适当，避免太字迹清楚，段落