黑洞热辐射与非热辐.doc

黑洞热辐射与非热辐 目录前言11黑洞12黑洞热辐射221黑洞热力学4定律222霍金辐射43黑洞非热辐射831彭若斯过程832米斯钠过程833斯塔诺宾斯基安鲁效应84总结9参考文献9英文摘要10致谢10黑洞热辐射与非热辐射 摘要：从1973年霍金发现黑洞热辐射起，人们对这个问题采用弯曲时空的量子场论、格林函数法、共形变换等方法进行了广泛的研究。而国内使用了1种新的坐标变换，使黑洞的研究从静态进入到了动态。本文主要从相对论与量子力学的角度证明了黑洞的热辐射与非热辐射的存在。通过对弯曲时空中粒子的运动方程克莱因高登方程的求解，并将出射波解在复 平面做解析延拓，得出黑洞的辐射谱为严格的黑体辐射谱1-2。通过考察黑洞内的负能级，分析黑洞边界处的狄拉克能级，证明了在黑洞视界附近，能量处于 的负能粒子，将由于量子隧道效应而穿过禁区，产生1种与温度无关的非热辐射。关键词：黑洞；热辐射；非热辐射前言在60年代以前，人们主要利用广义相对论研究黑洞的时空结构1类问题。70年代初期，美国科学家贝肯斯坦首先引入了黑洞熵的概念，接着，英国理论物理学家霍金用刚刚兴起的弯曲时空量子场论研究了黑洞的辐射问题，黑洞的研究进入了1个新的阶段。由于将现代物理学中强有力的理论工具如统计物理，量子场论等引入了黑洞的研究，黑洞的研究获得了新的丰富的内容，成为了物理学研究的前沿课题。黑洞的辐射理论正是这1方面的1个重要内容，是在黑洞的热力学和黑洞辐射被发现之后迅速建立发展起来的。本文对黑洞的辐射理论进行了介绍，阐明了黑洞的热辐射与非热辐射的机制问题。the thermal radiation and the nonthermal radiation of black hole    abstract:since1973, when hawking discovered the thermal radiation of black hole, this problem has been widely studied by means of theory of quantum field in curved space-time, greens function method and the conformal transformation etc. whereas in china, a new kind of coordinate transformation has been used, which brings a dynamic research on black hole instead of the static research. this paper proves from the tangle of theory of relativity and quantum mechanics, that there does exist thermal radiation and nonthermal radiation in the black hole. after a careful solution of the movement equation of particles as well as the klein-gorden equation in curved space-time, and the analgesic continuation of out going wave in the complex number r plane, it reaches a conclusion that the radiation spectrum of black hole is rigorous black body radiation spectrum. by inspecting the negative energy within black hole and analyzing the dirac energy level on the edge of black hole, this paper proves that negative energy particles with a range of on the surface area of the black hole will pass through the forbidden area as a result of the quantum tunneling effect and produce a kind of nonthermal radiation