高中英语完形填空解题技巧精华版.docx

宜昌大禹新教育2016年秋季高中课程 高中英语完形填空解题技巧指导课前先问自己以下几个问题吧：完形填空试题的主要特点是什么？我们做完形填空时主要的失分原因是什么？完形填空的正确解题步骤是什么？四个解题小技巧：一、词语同现一个语篇往往会围绕着某一主题或话题, 与此相关的词就可能会共同出现, 以实现语篇衔接。如2011年广东高考完形填空的短文, 是围绕把优生从普通班里分离出去会带来严重问题这一主题展开的, 涉及这一主题的可能有“普通班” “特殊班” “优生” “普通生”, 以及“学校” “老师” “学习”等等, 因此, special, gifted, intelligent, top, regular, average, school, classes, teachers, children, learning这些相互关联的词语就很可能会同时出现在语篇之中。了解词语同现, 对正确解答完形填空题很有帮助。请运用词语同现的技巧, 解答以下高考真题, 并说明正确选项与哪些词同现。1. (2010广东)You have to push the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to the building. A. enter B. leave C. open D. close2. (2010广东)The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, students who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on .A. sooner B. later C. faster D. earlier3.(2004江苏)On days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.A. sunnyB. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy二、词语复现词语复现可分为原词复现、同源词复现(又叫同根词复现)、同义或近义词复现(包括与近义词的同根词复现, 如ill与sickness)、上下义词复现(即总括与分述, 如animal 是sheep, tiger, wolf等的上义词; rose 是flower 的下义词)等。 了解词语复现这种衔接手段, 有助于快速准确地解答完形填空题。请运用词语复现的技巧, 解答以下高考真题, 并指出正确选项与哪个词是何种类别的复现。1. (2011广东)Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning. However, this is more often from parents and teachers than from students. A. concernB. conclusion C. reflectionD. interest2. (2010全国) isnt about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.A. AdventureB. BeautyC. TrustD. Life3. (2010陕西)I stopped and dropped all the coins into his hat, and he smiled at me, I watched for a while. But nothing happened. Disappointedly, I walked off. “It proved to be a waste of , ” I thought.A. words B. effort C. space D. money三、逻辑推理根据上下文的逻辑关系来推断正确答案, 逻辑关系包括因果关系、对比关系、并列关系、转折关系、让步关系、递进关系、条件与结果的关系等。从五年来的高考完形填空题来看, 最多的是利用因果关系来推断正确答案。请运用逻辑推断, 解答以下试题, 并指出正确选项是根据什么逻辑关系推断出来的。1. (2011广东) Many are concerned that gifted children become and lose interest in learning. A. doubtedB. boredC. worriedD. tired2. (2009重庆)After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though _, he still went to the cinema. A. Excited B. hurt C. late D. tired 3. We must help people to find houses outside the city, but equally, we must remember that some city people want to _ where they are. A. Find B. hide C. remain D. leave四、前后搭配主要指动词与介词的搭配、动宾搭配及句式搭配等。高考完形填空中主要考查动宾搭配。能不能搭配, 除了要熟练记忆掌握词语的用法外, 还需结合常识来判断。1. (2010全国I) The nurse had him take a _ in the waiting area, telling him it would be at least 40 minutes before someone would be able to see him .A. breath B. test C. seat D. break 2.The city (Washington) was named_George Washington, the first president of the United States.A. by B. for C. as D. after3.(2010江苏卷) My father _ me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who is A.rushed B.sentC.carried D.introduced完形填空基本解题步骤通读全文，统揽全局首句主题逐句分析，确定选项比较选项通盘理解，上下一致作者思想复读全文，核对答案第一感觉温馨提示所有的方法或技巧都是一种辅助作用, 都必须建立在扎实的语言基础之上。如果词汇、语法不过关, 句子理不顺,篇章意义不理解, 任何方法或技巧都将无济于事。实战演练In the depths of my memory, many things I did with my father still live. These things come to represent, in fact, what I call _21_and love.I dont remember my father ever getting into a swimming tool. But he did _22_the water. Any kind of _23_ride seemed to give him pleasure. _24_he loved to fish; sometimes he took me along.But I never really liked being on the water, the way my father did. I liked being _25_the water, moving through it, _26_it all around me. I was not a strong _27_, or one who learned to swim early, for I had my _28_. But I loved being in the swimming pool close to my fathers office and _29_those summer days with my father, who _30_ come by on a break. I needed him to see what I could do. My father would stand there in his suit, the _31_person not in swimsuit.After swimming, I would go _32_ his office and sit on the wooden chair in front of his big desk, where he let me _33_anything I found in his top desk drawer. Sometimes, if I was left alone at his desk _34_ he worked in the lab, an assistant or a student might come in and tell me perhaps I shouldnt be playing with his _35_. But my father always _36_and said easily, “Oh, no, its _37_.” Sometimes he handed me coins and told me to get _38_ an ice creamA poet once said, “We look at life once, in childhood; the rest is _39_.” And I think it is not only what we “look at once, in childhood” that determines(决定)our memories, but _40_, in that childhood, look at us.21A. desire B. joy C. anger D. worry22A. avoid B. refuse C. praise D. love23A. boat B. bus C. train D. bike24A. But B. Then C. And D. Still25A. on B. off C. by D. in26A. havingB. leaving C. making D. getting27A. swimmer B. rider C. walker D. runner28A. hopes B. faiths C. rights D. fears29A. spending B. saving C. wasting D. ruining30A. should B. would C. had to D. ought to31A. next B. only C. other D. last32A. away from B. out of C. by D. inside33A. put up B. break down C. play with D. work out34A. the moment B. the first time C. while D. before35A. fishing net B. office things C. wooden chair D. lab equipment36A. stood up B. set out C. showed up D.